showed that 17% of collegiate female athletes have used herbal supplements. The use of herbal products is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a special category of foods and classified as “dietary supplement” according to the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994. Herbal products are extract from seeds, gums, roots, leaves, bark, berries, or flowers, and contain numbers of phytochemicals such as carotenoids and polyphenols, including phenolic acids, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and lignans which though to provide health benefits. Rhodiola, Astragalus) help relieve muscle and joint pain, but results about their effects on exercise performance are missing.Īthletes’ use of herbal supplements has increased tremendously over the past decade. Some other alkaloids such as green tea extracts have been used to improve body mass and composition in athletes. Despite it is prohibited, small amount of ephedrine was usually used in combination with caffeine to enhance muscle strength in trained individuals. Ginseng was used as an endurance performance enhancer, while alkaloids supplementation resulted in improvements in sprint and cycling intense exercises. We found that most herbal supplement effects are likely due to activation of the central nervous system via stimulation of catecholamines. We have identified plants according to the following categories: Ginseng, alkaloids, and other purported herbal ergogenics such as Tribulus Terrestris, Cordyceps Sinensis. Hence, the purpose of this review is to provide guidance on the efficacy and side effect of most used plants in sport. Unfortunately up to date, there is no guarantee that herbal supplements are safe for anyone to use and it has not helped to clear the confusion surrounding the herbal use in sport field especially. At times, manufacturers launch numerous products with banned ingredient inside with inappropriate amounts or fake supplement inducing harmful side effect. Emergent evidence suggests that the health benefits from plants are attributed to their bioactive compounds such as Polyphenols, Terpenoids, and Alkaloids which have several physiological effects on the human body.
At present, some herbs are used to enhance muscle strength and body mass. The use of herbal medicinal products and supplements has increased during last decades.
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